Brake for transmission mechanism including a hydraulic coupling



0Ct 28, 1941- c. D. Fur-.TERSON E-rAL. 2,250,580

BRAKE FOR TRANSMISSION MECHANISM INCLUDING A HYDRAULIC COUPLING Original Filed June 24, 1939 TQRS.

ATTORNEYS.

Patented Oct. 28, 1941 BRAKE FOR. TRANS-MISSION MECHANISM INCLUDING A HYDRAULIC COUPLING Carl D. Peterson and Albert H. Deimel, Toledo, Ohio Original application June 24, 1939, Serial No. 281,014. Divided and this application April 11, 1940, Serial No. 329,160

v 1 Claim.

ring to unlocked position to permit the engage-` ment of the toothed elements of the balking ring clutches in the transmission gearing, particularly when starting -the vehicle from stand-still, when the driven section of the clutch is stationary or not rotating. It will be understood that in transmission gearings involving balking ring clutches, the clutches may be shifted into engaged position only when the speeds cross, the crossing of the speeds unlocking the balking ring and that in making a shift from a standing start with the engine running, the speeds can be crossed` only by unlocking the balking ring by an outside force because with the engine running and the driven section of the yclutch stationary or at zero speed, the balking ring is being dragged or held in locked position, and no amount of deceleration of the engine will move it to unlocked position.

The term crossing'of the speeds or similar expression is used for brevitys sake. In the` balking ring type of clutch, the crossing of the speeds is effected when the driving clutch member is accelerated to and'beyond the speed of the driving clutch member, when both are rtating or the driven clutch member accelerated up to and beyond the speed of the driving clutch member, as when the vehicle is coasting, or decelerating the speed sothat the driving member of the clutch decreases in speed to and beyond that of the driven clutch member, or when, as in this case thedriven clutch member -is stationary or at zero speed and the driving clutch member rotating, and the balking ring forcibly rotated against the dragging action of the driving clutch member to unlocked position. 'I'he forcible rotating of the balking ring is for convenience effected by stopping and reversing the driving clutch member by means of a rocking brake bringing about in practical eiectthecrossing of the speeds when a start is being made from stand-still.

The invention consists in the novel features and in the combinations and constructions herematter set forth ana claimed,

to the accompanying drawing in which like characters designate corresponding parts in al1 the views.

Figure 1 is a fragmentary sectional view of a transmission mechanism showing one embodiment of the brake, the contiguous portion of the front wall of the gear box of the change speed transmission gearing being also shown.

Figure 2 is a sectional view taken on the plane of line 2--2, Figure 1, parts as the brake drum and the runner shaft being omitted.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary sectional view on line 3-3, Figure 2. K

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary detail view of one form of balking ring type of clutch embodied in the transmission mechanism, the section being taken substantially on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

i designates the impeller and 2 the runner of a hydraulic coupling of the Fottinger type, these being opposed to each other and having radial vanes 3, 4. The impeller I has a bearing at 5 on the coupling shaft 6 which is, in this embodiment of theinvention, the shaft of the stem gear of a transmission gearing. The impeller I is here shown as interlocked, as by lugs 1, with a iiywheel 8 rotatable with the drive shaft 9,' as the crank shaft of the engine of the vehicle, the wheel 8 being provided with a ring gear I0 for coacting with the starter pinion not shown. The impeller I has a casing portion II secured thereto as by screws I2, which casing portion encloses the runner. The runner 2 is splined on the shaft 6.

I3 designates the housing for the coupling, this being secured in any well known manner to the crank case of the engine. I4 is the front wall 0f the gear box and I5 the usual cover for the gear box. I6 is a. housing analogous to a bell housing secured to the front Wall of the gear box and at its outer rim to the housing I3, as by screws I8.

I'he brake for effecting the crossing of the speeds comprises a brake drum I9 mounted on the shaft 6 in the rear of the casing or wall II and a brake band 20 having a lining 2l for coacting with the brake drum I9, and operating means for the brake band for successively contracting the band on the brake drum to stop the shaft 6 and then rotating the shaft 'in a retrograde direction to cross the speeds of driving and driven cluch members embodied in the change speed gearing in the gear box. This operating means comprises a carrier 22 in the general form of a disk or iiat ring mounted concentric with the shaft 6 between the brake drum I9 and the gear box, an operating lever 23 pivoted atl 24 to the carrier 22 between its ends but near one end providing a short arm 25, means connecting one end of the brake band and the short arm 25 of the lever, and means connecting the other end of the brake band and the carrier.

As here illustrated, one end of the brake band I9 is connected to the short arm 25 of the lever by a link 21 pivoted at 28 to the' short arm of thelever and the other end oi' the brake band is connected by a link or shoulder 29 pivoted at 30 at one end to the brake bandand at its other end on the pivot 24. `'l'his link 29 is bifurcated or is a shackle extending astride the lever 23. The pivot 30 is located between the sides of the shackle or double link 29 and is formed with a dimetrical bore, through which a rod or stem 3| extends, this having a head 32'at one end whichl thrust against the pivot 30 around the diametri.-

cal bore. The stem or rod 3| is suitably secured to the brake band, and a spring 33 for taking up looseness or rattle encircles the rod and thrusts at one end against the pivot 30 and at its other end against the end edge of the brake band.

In the illustrated assembly of the brake, on the input shaft of the gearing, where the input shaft is the stem of a stem gear. the carrier 22 is located between the brake drum and the front wall of the gear box.

As here shown, the ring is mounted to rotate about a hub on a cap 34 for the gearing 35 on the shaft 6 in the front wall of the gear box and is capable of a rocking movement about the hub: The cap 34 is secured to the front wall of the gear box, as by screws 36, extending through arcuate slots 31 in the carrier 22, these being long enough to permit the required rocking movement of vthe carrier.

` rier. A suitable stop or lug 40 is provided on the inner face of the bell housing I6 to determine the starting position of the carrier 22. The rocking of the carrier by the brake is against the action` of a returning spring 4| arranged in an arc concentric with the axis of the shaft 6, this being a compression spring thrusting at one end against a radial lug 42 on the carrier and its other end against the lug 43 provided on the inner face of the bell housing. The spring 4| is coiled about an arcuate rod 44 i'lxed to the lug 43 and slidable in the radial lug or shoulder 42 on the carrier.

The lever 23 may be actuated in any suitable manner. by a piston 45 movable in the cylinder 46 to which a motive fluid, as air, may be supplied through a flexible conduit", the conduit being provided with9 a control valve, not shown. The cylinder 46 is mounted to oscillate during the movement of the lever 23 and is here shown as pivoted at 48 in a bracket 49 provided on the bell housing I6. The outer end of the lever 23 is bifurcated at 56 and arranged astride the end oi' the piston rod and pivoted thereto at 52. The bell housing I6 and coupling housing I3 are provided with suitable ventilating openings 53 and 54 respectively.

One construction of balking ring clutch is shown in Figures 1 and 4. 6| designates the driving toothed member which is rotatable with the runner shaft 6 and usually formed integral withl the gear 35 thereon; 62 is the driven clutch mem- The carrier is securedto the bell housing i6, as the bell housing laps the front wall of the gear box, as by screws 38- It is here shown as power actuated, as

ber, the clutch members having teeth or jaws 63,

64 respectively operable into interlocking or clutching engagement by axial shifting of one of the clutch members, here shown as the driven 'clutch member 62. The driven clutch member 62 is shown as splined on and shiftable axially of the output shaft S of the transmission gearing. It is shown as a double clutch shiftable in opposite directions Vfrom neutral to eiect direct drive and indirect drive in the well known manner.- Being of double construction, the clutch member 62 is provided on one side with the teeth 64- and on 66 designates the balking ring having a friction face, as a conical face 61, coacting with a complemental conical i'ace on a ring 68 interlocked, as by splines 69, with the driving clutch member 6| so as to rotate therewith. The conical face of the balking ring is engaged with little friction with the complemental face of the ring 68, so as to drag on the ring 68 in order to rock the balking ring or move it circumferentially, within limits, into and out of locking or blocking position. The balking ring is held assembled with the clutch 6I in any suitable manner by a lockA ring 10 and rings 1|, 12 and 13 interposed between the lock ring and the balking ring. The rings 1|, 12 are interlocked with the clutch mem- 'ber 6| to rotate therewith and the ring 13 is interposed between the rings 1| and 12 and interlocked with the balking ring 66. These rings serve to initially thrust the balking ring 66 into light frictional engagement with the ring 68 to cause the balking ring to drag on the ring 68 and hence to rock into locking and unlocking positions. One of these rings, as 13, may be in the cesses 14 which receive radial projections 15 ona ring 16 splined to the output shaft S, the projections 15 being of less width than the recesses 14 to permit the rocking or rotary movement, within limits, of the ring 66 relatively to the ring 16 and the output shaft S. 'Ihe driven clutch member 62 is provided with radial projections 11. There are corresponding projections 18 on 'the opposite side of the clutch member 62,'as the clutch is a double one. These projections are the same width as the recesses 14 in the balking ring and are free to pass through the recesses 14 when alined therewith, in order to permit shifting of the clutch section 62 to carry the clutch teeth 64 thereof into interlocking engagement with the clutch teeth 63 of the driving clutch section 6|, but to block or balk such shifting when the balking ring is rocked to carry the recesses 14 out of alinement with the teeth 11, so that the ends of the teeth 11 engage on the ring or one side or the other, in a circumferential direction, of the recesses 14 when the driving and driven clutch members are rotating at different speeds, this being due to the drag of the balking ring under light pressure on the friction face of the ring 68. When, however, the speeds cross, the same drag moves the recesses 14 into alinement with the teeth 11 so that with continued shifting pressure being applied, the teeth 11 pass through the recesses and bring the clutch teeth 64 into interlockingl engagement with the clutch teeth 63.

the other side with a similar set of clutch teeth to locking position, wherein the recesses 1l are out of 'alinement with the projections 15. In order to bring the recesses 14 into alinement with the projections 15, the brake is operated to rock the balking ring 66. The movement of the brake is transferred to the balking ring through the runner shaft 6, as the brake acts on the runner shaft 6 and incidentally rocks the runner 2 of the hydraulic coupling in a retrograde direction.

In the operation of the brake, when the lever 23 is actuated, it first moves upwardly about its pivot 2l contracting the brake band I! on the.

brake drum I9 and applying a braking force until the shaft is stopped, whereupon the lever, under` its actuating force, moves further upwardly with no pivotal movement about the pivot 2l, thereby rocking the carrier 22, which in turn rocks the shaft 6 for the purpose of-eifecting the crossing of the speeds vof the driving and driven members of a selected balking ringclutch ln the gear box I4. By reason of the brake drum and carrier, the brake and operating mechanism therefor can be located in a particularly small axial space, and

by reason of the lever 23, links 21 and 29, the successive application of the brake to stop the shaft and the rocking of the carrier to rock the shaft is effected by a particular simple mechanism emother section, when the risieda ofthe sections are differential, preliminary to clutch engagement, and driver operated brake means operable to rock 20 the balking ring from locking to unlocking position.

CARL D. PETERSON. ALBERT H. DEIMEL. 

